数字信号处理：原理、算法与应用(第三版.影印版) (2010 年度畅销榜NO.4546 )

本书是作者在总结针对本科生和研究生阶段的数字信号处理教学经验的基础上形成的。本书针对电子工程、计算机工程和计算机科学专业的学生介绍了离散时间信号、系统和现代信号处理算法的基本原理及其应用，重点集中于数字信号处理系统的分析和设计以及计算机实现。全书内容的编排既侧重于理论又深入实际应用，且每章后都有许多精心设计的习题来帮助读者掌握所学知识

IINTRODUCTION
1.1Signals,Systems,andSignalProcessing2
1.1.1BasicElementsofaDigitalSignalProcessingSystem,4
1.1.2AdvantagesofDigitaloverAnalogSignalProcessing,5
1.2ClassificationofSignals6
1.2.1MultichannelandMultidimensionalSignals,7
1.2.2Continuous-TimeVersusDiscrete-TimeSignals,8
1.2.3Continuous-ValuedVersusDiscrete-ValuedSignals,10
1.2.4DeterministicVersusRandomSignals,11
1.3TheConceptofFrequencyinContinuous-Timeand
Discrete-TimeSignals14
1.3.1Continuous-TimeSinusoidalSignals,14
1.3.2Discrete-TimeSinusoidalSignals,16
1.3.3HarmonicallyRelatedComplexExponentials,19
1.4Analog-to-DigitalandDigital-to-AnalogConversion21
1.4.1SamplingofAnalogSignals,23
1.4.2TheSamplingTheorem,29
1.4.3QuantizationofContinuous-AmplitudeSignals,33
1.4.4QuantizationofSinusoidalSignals,36
1.4.5CodingofQuantizedSamples,38
1.4.6Digital-to-AnalogConversion,38
1.4.7AnalysisofDigitalSignalsandSystemsVersusDiscrete-Time
SignalsandSystems,39
1.5SummaryandReferences39
Problems40
2DISCRETE-TIMESIGNALSANDSYSTEMS
2.1Discrete-TimeSignals43
2.1.1SomeElementaryDiscrete-TimeSignals,45
2.1.2ClassificationofDiscrete-TimeSignals,47
2.1.3SimpleManipulationsofDiscrete-TimeSignals,52
2.2Discrete-TimeSystems56
2.2.1Input-OutputDescriptionofSystems,56
2.2.2BlockDiagramRepresentationofDiscrete-TimeSystems,59
2.2.3ClassificationofDiscrete-TimeSystems,62
2.2.4InterconnectionofDiscrete-TimeSystems,70
2.3AnalysisofDiscrete-TimeLinearTime-InvariantSystems72
2.3.1TechniquesfortheAnalysisofLinearSystems,72
2.3.2ResolutionofaDiscrete-TimeSignalintoImpulses,74
2.3.3ResponseofLTISystemstoArbitraryInputs:TheConvolution
Sum.75
2.3.4PropertiesofConvolutionandtheInterconnectionofLTl
Systems,82
2.3.5CausalLinearTime-InvariantSystems,86
2.3.6StabilityofLinearTime-InvariantSystems,87
2.3.7SystemswithFinite-DurationandInfinite-DurationImpulse
Response.90
2.4Discrete-TimeSystemsDescribedbyDifferenceEquations91
2.4.1RecursiveandNonrecursiveDiscrete-TimeSystems.92
2.4.2LinearTime-InvariantSystemsCharacterizedby
Constant-CoefficientDifferenceEquations,95
2.4.3SolutionofLinearConstant-CoefficientDifferenceEquations.100
2.4.4TheImpulseResponseofaLinearTime-InvariantRecursive
System.108
2.5ImplementationofDiscrete-TimeSystems111
2.5.1StructuresfortheRealizationofLinearTime-Invariant
Systems.111
2.5.2RecursiveandNonrecumveRealizationsofFIRSystems.116
2.6CorrelationofDiscrete-TimeSignals118
2.6.1CrosscorrelationandAutocorrelationSequences,120
2.6.2PropertiesoftheAutocorrelationandCrosscorrelation
Sequences.122
2.6.3CorrelationofPeriodicSequences,124
2.6.4ComputationofCorrelationSequences,130
2.6.5Input-OutputCorrelationSequences,131
2.7SummaryandReferences134
Problems135
3THEZ-TRANSFORMANDITSAPPLICATIONTOTHEANALYSIS
OFLTlSYSTEMS151
3.1Thez-Transform151
3.1.1TheDirectz-Transform.152
3.1.2TheInversez-Transform,160
3.2Propertiesofthez-Transform161
3.3Rationalz-Transforms172
3.3.1PolesandZeros.172
3.3.2PoleLocationandTime-DomainBehaviorforCausalSignals.178
3.3.3TheSystemFunctionofaLinearTime-InvariantSystem,181
3.4Inversionofthez-Transform184
3.4.1TheInversez-TransformbyContourIntegration,184
3.4.2TheInversez-TransformbyPowerSeriesExpansion.186
3.4.3TheInversez-TransformbyPartial-FractionExpansion,[88
3.4.4DecompositionofRationalz-Transforms.195
3.5TheOne-sidedz-Transform197
3.5.1DefinitionandProperties,197
3.5.2SolutionofDifferenceEquations,201
3.6AnalysisofLinearTime-InvariantSystemsinthez-Domain203
3.6.1ResponseofSystemswithRationalSystemFunctions.203
3.6.2ResponseofPole-ZeroSystemswithNonzeroInitial
Conditions.204
3.6.3TransientandSteady-StateResponses.206
3.6.4CausalityandStability.208
3.6.5Pole-ZeroCancellations,210
3.6.6Multiple-OrderPolesandStability,211
3.6.7TheSchur-CohnStabilityTest,213
3.6.8StabilityofSecond-OrderSystems,215
3.7SummaryandReferences219
Problems220
4FREQUENCYANALYSISOFSIGNALSANDSYSTEMS230
4.1FrequencyAnalysisofContinuous-TimeSignals230
4.1.1TheFourierSeriesforContinuous-TimePeriodicSignals.232
4.1.2PowerDensitySpectrumofPeriodicSignals,235
4.1.3TheFourierTransformforContinuous-TimeAperiodic
Signals,240
4.1.4EnergyDensitySpectrumofAperiodicSignals.243
4.2FrequencyAnalysisofDiscrete-TimeSignals247
4.2.1TheFourierSeriesforDiscrete-TimePeriodicSignals,247
4.2.2PowerDensitySpectrumofPeriodicSignals,250
4.2.3TheFourierTransformofDiscrete-TimeAperiodicSignals,253
4.2.4ConvergenceofttxeFourierTransform,256
4.2.5EnergyDensitySpectrumofAperiodicSignals,260
4.2.6RelationshipoftheFourierTransformtothez-Transform,264
4.2.7TheCepstrum,265
4.2.8TheFourierTransformofSignalswithPolesontheUnit
Circle,267
4.2.9TheSamplingTheoremRevisited,269
4.2.10Frequency-DomainClassificationofSignals:TheConceptof
Bandwidth,279
4.2.11TheFrequencyRangesofSomeNaturalSignals,282
4.2.12PhysicalandMathematicalDualities,282
4.3PropertiesoftheFourierTransformforDiscrete-Time
Signals286
4.3.1SymmetryPropertiesoftheFourierTransform,287
4.3.2FourierTransformTheoremsandProperties,294
4.4Frequency-DomainCharacteristicsofLinearTime-Invariant
Systems305
4.4.1ResponsetoComplexExponentialandSinnsoidalSignals:The
FrequencyResponseFunction,306
4.4.2Steady-StateandTransientResponsetoSinusoidalInput
Signals,314
4.4.3Steady-StateResponsetoPeriodicInputSignals,315
4.4.4ResponsetoAperiodicInputSignals,316
4.4.5RelationshipsBetweentheSystemFunctionandtheFrequency
ResponseFunction,319
4.4.6ComputationoftheFrequencyResponseFunction,321
4.4.7Input-OutputCorrelationFunctionsandSpectra,325
4.4.8CorrelationFunctionsandPowerSpectraforRandomInput
Signals,327
4.5LinearTime-InvariantSystemsasFrequency-Selective
Filters330
4.5.1IdealFilterCharacteristics,331
4.5.2Lowpass,Highpass,andBandpassFilters,333
4.5.3DigitalResonators,340
4.5.4NotchFilters,343
4.5.5CombFilters,345
4.5.6All-PassFilters,350
4.5.7DigitalSinusoidalOscillators,352
4.6InverseSystemsandDeconvolution355
4.6.1InvertibilityofLinearTime-InvariantSystems,356
4.6.2Minimum-Phase,Maximum-Phase,andMixed-PhaseSystems,359
4.6.3SystemIdentificationandDeconvolution,363
4.6.4HomomorphicDeconvolution,365
SummaryandReferences367
Problems368
5THEDISCRETEFOURIERTRANSFORM:ITSPROPERTIESAND
APPLICATIONS394
5.1FrequencyDomainSampling:TheDiscreteFourier
Transform394
5.1.1Frequency-DomainSamplingandReconstructionof
Discrete-TimeSignals,394
5.1.2TheDiscreteFourierTransform(DFT),399
5.1.3TheDFTasaLinearTransformation,403
5.1.4RelationshipoftheDFTtoOtherTransforms,407
5.2PropertiesoftheDFT409
5.2.1Periodicity,Linearity,andSymmetryProperties,410
5.2.2MultiplicationofTwoDFTsandCircularConvolution,415
5.2.3AdditionalDFTProperties,421
5.3LinearFilteringMethodsBasedontheDFT425
5.3.1UseoftheDFTinLinearFiltering,426
5.3.2FilteringofLongDataSequences,430
5.4FrequencyAnalysisofSignalsUsingtheDFT433
5.5SummaryandReferences440
Problems440
6EFFICIENTCOMPUTATIONOFTHEOFT:FASTFOURIER
TRANSFORMALGORITHMS448
6.1EfficientComputationoftheDFT:FFTAlgorithms448
6.1.1DirectComputationoftheDFT,449
6.1.2Divide-and-ConquerApproachtoComputationoftheDFT,450
6.1.3Radix-2FFTAlgorithms,456
6.1.4Radix-4FFTAlgorithms,465
6.1.5Split-RadixFFTAlgorithms,470
6.1.6ImplementationofFFTAlgorithms,473
6.2ApplicationsofFFTAlgorithms475
6.2.1EfficientComputationoftheDFTofTwoRealSequences,475
6.2.2EfficientComputationoftheDFTofa2N-PointReal
Sequence,476
6.2.3UseoftheFFTAlgorithminLinearFilteringandCorrelation,477
6.3ALinearFilteringApproachtoComputationoftheDFT479
6.3.1TheGoertzelAlgorithm,480
6.3.2TheChirp-zTransformAlgorithm,482
QuantizationEffectsintheComputationof'theDFT486
6.4.1QuantizationErrorsintheDirectComputationoftheDFT,487
6.4.2QuantizationErrorsinFFTAlgorithms,489
6.5SummaryandReferences493
Problems494
7IMPLEMENTATIONOFDISCRETE-TIMESYSTEMS500
7.1StructuresfortheRealizationofDiscrete-TimeSystems500
7.2StructuresforFIRSystems502
7.2.1Direct-FormStructure,503
7.2.2Cascade-FormStructures,504
7.2.3Frequency-SamplingStructures*,506
7.2.4LatticeStructure,511
7.3StructuresforIIRSystems519
7.3.1Direct-FormStructures,519
7.3.2SignalFlowGraphsandTransposedStructures,521
7.3.3Cascade-FormStructures,526
7.3.4Parallel-FormStructures,529
7.3.5LatticeandLattice-LadderStructuresforIIRSystems,531
7.4State-SpaceSystemAnalysisandStructures539
7.4.1State-SpaceDescriptionsofSystemsCharacterizedbyDifference
Equations,540
7.4.2SolutionoftheState-SpaceEquations,543
7.4.3RelationshipsBetweenInput-OutputandState-Space
Descriptions,545
7.4.4State-SpaceAnalysisinthez-Domain,550
7.4.5AdditionalState-SpaceStructures,554
7.5RepresentationofNumbers556
7.5.1Fixed-PointRepresentatknvofNumbers,557
7.5.2BinaryFloating-PointRepresentationofNumbers,561
7.5.3ErrorsResultingfromRoundingandTruncation,564
7.6QuantizationofFilterCoefficients569
7.6.1AnalysisofSensitivitytoQuantizationofFilterCoefficients,569
7.6.2QuantizationofCoefficientsinFIRFilters,578
7.7Round-OffEffectsinDigitalFilters582
7.7.1Limit-CycleOscillationsinRecursiveSystems,583
7.7.2ScalingtoPreventOverflow,588
7.7.3StatisticalCharacterizationofQuantizationEffectsinFixed-Point
RealizationsofDigitalFilters,590
7.8SummaryandReferences598
Problems600
8DESIGNOFDIGITALFILTERS614
8.1GeneralConsiderations614
8.1.1CausalityandItsImplications,615
8.1.2CharacteristicsofPracticalFrequency-SelectiveFilters,619
8.2DesignofFIRFilters620
8.2.1SymmetricandAntisymmetricFIRFilters,620
8.2.2DesignofLinear-PhaseFIRFiltersUsingWindows,623
8.2.3DesignofLinear-PhaseFIRFiltersbytheFrequency-Sampling
Method,630
8.2.4DesignofOptimumEquirippleLinear-PhaseFIRFilters,637
8.2.5DesignofFIRDifferentiators,652
8.2.6DesignofHilbertTransformers,657
8.2.7ComparisonofDesignMethodsforLinear-PhaseFIRFilters,662
8.3DesignofIIRFiltersFromAnalogFilters666
8.3.1IIRFilterDesignbyApproximationofDerivatives,667
8.3.2IIRFilterDesignbyImpulseInvariance.671
8.3.3IIRFilterDesignbytheBilinearTransformation,676
8.3.4TheMatched-zTransformation,681
8.3.5CharacteristicsofCommonlyUsedAnalogFilters,681
8.3.6SomeExamplesofDigitalFilterDesignsBasedontheBilinear
Transformation,692
8.4FrequencyTransformations692
8.4:1FrequencyTransformationsintheAnalogDomain,693
8.4.2FrequencyTransformationsintheDigitalDomain,698
8.5DesignofDigitalFiltersBasedonLeast-SquaresMethod701
8.5.1Pad~ApproximationMethod,701
8.5.2Least-SquaresDesignMethods,706
8.5.3FIRLeast-SquaresInverse(Wiener)Filters,711
8.5.4DesignofIIRFiltersintheFrequencyDomain,719
8.6SummaryandReferences724
Problems726
9SAMPLINGANDRECONSTRUCTIONOFSIGNALS738
9.1SamplingofBandpassSignals738
9.1.1RepresentationofBandpassSignals,738
9.1.2SamplingofBandpassSignals.742
9.1.3Discrete-TimeProcessingofContinuous-TimeSignals.746
9.2Analog-to-DigitalConverSion748
9.2.1Sample-and-Hold,748
9.2.2QuantizationandCoding,750
9.2.3AnalysisofQuantizationErrors.753
9.2.4OversamplingA/DConverters,756
DESIGNOFDIGITALFILTERS614
8.1GeneralConsiderations614
8.1.1CausalityandItsImplications,615
8.1.2CharacteristicsofPracticalFrequency-SelectiveFilters,619
8.2DesignofFIRFilters620
8.2.1SymmetricandAntisymmetricFIRFilters,620
8.2.2DesignofLinear-PhaseFIRFiltersUsingWindows,623
8.2.3DesignofLinear-PhaseFIRFiltersbytheFrequency-Sampling
Method,630
8.2.4DesignofOptimumEquirippleLinear-PhaseFIRFilters,637
8.2.5DesignofFIRDifferentiators,652
8.2.6DesignofHilbertTransformers,657
8.2.7ComparisonofDesignMethodsforLinear-PhaseFIRFilters,662
8.3DesignofIIRFiltersFromAnalogFilters666
8.3.1IIRFilterDesignbyApproximationofDerivatives,667
8.3.2IIRFilterDesignbyImpulseInvariance,671
8.3.3IIRFilterDesignbytheBilinearTransformation,676
8.3.4TheMatched-zTransformation,681
8.3.5CharacteristicsofCommonlyUsedAnalogFilters,681
8.3.6SomeExamplesofDigitalFilterDesignsBasedontheBilinear
Transformation,692
8.4FrequencyTransformations692
8.4.1FrequencyTransformationsintheAnalogDomain,693
8.4.2FrequencyTransformationsintheDigitalDomain,698
8.5DesignofDigitalFiltersBasedonLeast-SquaresMethod701
8.5.1Pad6ApproximationMethod,701
8.5.2Least-SquaresDesignMethods,706
8.5.3FIRLeast-SquaresInverse(Wiener)Filters.711
8.5.4DesignofIIRFiltersintheFrequencyDomain,719
8.6SummaryandReferences724
Problems726
9SAMPLINGANDRECONSTRUCTIONOFSIGNALS738
9.1SamplingofBandpassSignals738
9.1.1RepresentationofBandpassSignals,738
9.1.2SamplingofBandpassSignals,742
9.1.3Discrete-TimeProcessingofContinuous-TimeSignals.746
9.2Analog-to-DigitalConversion748
9.2.1Sample-and-Hold,748
9.2.2QuantizationandCoding,750
9.2.3AnalysisofQuantizationErrors,753
9.2.4OversamplingA/DConverters,756
9.3Digital-to-AnalogConversion763
9.3.1SampleandHold,765
9.3.2First-OrderHold,768
9.3.3LinearInterpolationwithDelay,771
9.3.4OversamplingD/AConverters,774
9.4SummaryandReferences774
Problems775
10MULTIRATEDIGITALSIGNALPROCESSING782
10.1Introduction783
10.2DecimationbyaFactorD784
10.3InterpolationbyaFactor!787
10.4SamplingRateConversionbyaRationalFactorI/D790
10.5FilterDesignandImplementationforSampling-Rate
Conversion792
10.5.1Direct-FormFIRFilterStructures,793
10.5.2PolyphaseFilterStructures.794
10.5.3Time-VariantFilterStructures.800
10.6MultistageImplementationofSampling-RateConversion806
10.7Sampling-RateConversionofBandpassSignals810
10.7.1DecimationandInterpolationbyFrequencyConversion.812
10.7.2Modulation-FreeMethodforDecimationandInterpolation,814
10.8Sampling-RateConversionbyanArbitraryFactor815
10.8.1First-OrderApproximation.816
10.8.2Second-OrderApproximation(LinearInterpolation),819
10.9ApplicationsofMultirateSignalProcessing821
10.9.1DesignofPhaseShifters.821
10.9.2InterfacingofDigitalSystemswithDifferentSamplingRates,823
10.9.3ImplementationofNarrowbandLowpassFilters,824
10.9.4ImplementationofDigitalFilterBanks,825
10.9.5SubbandCodingofSpeechSignals,831
10.9.6QuadratureMirrorFilters,833
10.9.7Transmultiplexers,841
10.9.80versamplingA/DandD/AConversion,843
10.10SummaryandReferences844
Problems846
11LINEARPREDICTIONANDOPTIMUMLINEARFILTERS852
11.1InnovationsRepresentationofaStationaryRandom
Process852
11.1.1RationalPowerSpectra,854
11.1.2RelationshipsBetweentheFilterParametersandthe
AutocorrelationSequence,855
11.2ForwardandBackwardLinearPrediction857
11.2.1ForwardLinearPrediction,857
11.2.2BackwardLinearPrediction,860
11.2.3TheOptimumReflectionCoefficientsfortheLatticeForwardand
BackwardPredictors,863
11.2.4RelationshipofanARProcesstoLinearPrediction,864
11.3SolutionoftheNormalEquations864
11.3.1TheLevinson-DurbinAlgorithm,865
11.3.2TheSchiirAlgorithm,868
11.4PropertiesoftheLinearPrediction-ErrorFilters873
11.5ARLatticeandARMALattice-LadderFilters876
11.5.1ARLatticeStructure,877
11.5.2ARMAProcessesandLattice-LadderFilters,878
11.6WienerFiltersforFilteringandPrediction880
11.6.1FIRWienerFilter,881
11.6.20rthogonalityPrincipleinLinearMean-SquareEstimation,884
11.6.3IIRWienerFilter,885
11.6.4NoncausalWienerFilter,889
11.7SummaryandReferences890
Problems892
12POWERSPECTRUMESTIMATION898
12.1EstimationofSpectrafromFinite-DurationObservationsof
Signals896
12.1.1ComputationoftheEnergyDensitySpectrum,897
12.1.2EstimationoftheAutocorrelationandPowerSpectrumof
RandomSignals:ThePeriodogram,902
12.1.3TheUseoftheDFTinPowerSpectrumEstimation,906
12.2NonparametricMethodsforPowerSpectrumEstimation908
12.2.1TheBartlettMethod:AveragingPeriodograms,910
12.2.2TheWelchMethod:AveragingModifiedPeriodograms,911
12.2.3TheBlackmanandTukeyMethod:Smoothingthe
Periodogram,913
12.2.4PerformanceCharacteristicsofNonparametricPowerSpectrum
Estimators,916
12.2.5ComputationalRequirementsofNonparametricPowerSpectrum
Estimates,919
12.3ParametricMethodsforPowerSpectrumEstimation920
12.3.1RelationshipsBetweentheAutocorrelationandtheModel
Parameters,923
12.3.2TheYule-WalkerMethodfortheARModelParameters,925
12.3.3TheBurgMethodfortheARModelParameters,925
12.3.4UnconstrainedLeast-SquaresMethodfortheARModel
Parameters,929
12.3.5SequentialEstimationMethodsfortheARModelParameters,930
12.3.6SelectionofARModelOrder,931
12.3.7MAModelforPowerSpectrumEstimation,933
12.3.8ARMAModelforPowerSpectrumEstimation,934
12.3.9SomeExperimentalResults,936
12.4MinimumVarianceSpeCtralEstimation942
12.5EigenanalysisAlgorithmsforSpectrumEstimation946
12.5.1PisarenkoHarmonicDecompositionMethod,948
12.5.2Eigen-decompositionoftheAutocorrelationMatrixforSinusoids
inWhiteNoise,950
12.5.3MUSICAlgorithm,952
12.5.4ESPRITAlgorithm,953
12.5.5OrderSelectionCriteria,955
12.5.6ExperimentalResults,956
12.6SummaryandReferences959
Problems960
ARANDOMSIGNALS,CORRELATIONFUNCTIONS,ANDPOWER
SPECTRAA1
BRANDOMNUMBERGENERATORSB1
CTABLESOFTRANSITIONCOEFFICIENTSFORTHEDESIGNOF
LINEAR-PHASEFIRFILTERSCl
DLISTOFMATLABFUNCTIONSD1
REFERENCESANDBIBLIOGRAPHYR1
INDEX11