数控技术专业英语 (2009 年度畅销榜NO.21076 )

本书立足于现代制造业，针对数控技术精选了14个主题，用原汁原味的英语，全面、系统地描述了数控机床相关的各类信息。本书介绍了数控领域的最新技术和知识，以图文并茂的方式表达，通过专业知识帮助和促进英语水平的提高。课后习题着眼于专业知识，形式多样。
本书可作为高职高专院校数控专业的英语教材，也可以作为工程技术人员的自学参考书。

Contents

Unit 1 Introduction to Computer Numerical Control Manufacturing 1
1.1 Introduction 1
1.2 The History of Numerical Control 1
1.3 Numerical Control Definition, Its Concepts and Advantages 4
1.4 Definition of Computer Numerical Control and Its Components 6
1.5 NC Compared with CNC 8
1.6 Types of CNC Equipment 10
Exercises 13

Unit 2 The Axis System 15
2.1 Introduction 15
2.2 What is a Machine Axis? 15
2.2.1 Motion and Direction 15
2.2.2 Relative Tool Movement 16
2.3 The Axis System 18
2.4 EIA Axis Identification 19
Exercises 22

Unit 3 Points and Coordinates 24
3.1 Introduction 24
3.2 Coordinates and Significant Points 25
3.3 Reference Point Identification 27
3.3.1 Program Reference Zero (PRZ) 27
3.3.2 Local Reference Zero (LRZ) 29
3.3.3 Machine Home Reference (M/H) 32
3.4 Coordinate Identification Systems 33
3.5 Types of Tool Positioning Modes 34
3.5.1 Incremental Positioning 35
3.5.2 Absolute Positioning 35
Exercises 36

Unit 4 Machine movements and control 38
4.1 Introduction 38
4.2 Positioning Control 38
4.2.1 Point-to-Point 38
4.2.2 Line Motion 39
4.2.3 Contouring 41
4.2.4 Interpolation 42
4.3 Loop Systems for Controlling Tool Movement 44
4.3.1 Open Loop Systems 44
4.3.2 Closed Loop Systems 45
Exercises 47

Unit 5 Part Programming Calculations 48
5.1 Introduction 48
5.2 Useful Angle Concepts 49
5.3 Types of Angles and Triangles 51
5.4 Right Triangle 53
5.5 Similar Triangles 54
5.6 Sine-Cosine-Tangent 56
5.7 Inverse Trigonometric Functions 56
Exercises 57

Unit 6 Tooling for Computer Numerical Control 59
6.1 Introduction 59
6.2 Material for Cutting Tools 60
6.3 The Practical Application of Cemented Carbides 62
6.3.1 Solid Tools 62
6.3.2 Brazed Tips 62
6.3.3 Indexable Inserts 62
6.4 Tooling Systems 65
6.5 Automatic Tool Changer System 68
6.5.1 Turret Head 68
6.5.2 Carousel Storage with Spindle Direct Tool Changer 69
6.5.3 Horizontal Storage Matrix Magazine with Pivot Insertion Tool Changer 69
Exercises 72

Unit 7 Program Planning 73
7.1 Introduction 73
7.2 Initial Information 73
7.3 Machine Tools Features 74
7.4 Part Complexity 76
7.5 Programming 78
7.6 Typical Programming Procedure 80
7.7 Part Drawing 82
7.8 Methods Sheet and Material Specifications 83
7.9 Machining Sequence 85
7.10 Tooling Selection 87
7.11 Part Setup 88
7.12 Technological Decisions 89
7.13 Testing a CNC Program 90
Exercises 93

Unit 8 Word Address Programming 95
8.1 Introduction 95
8.2 Basic Programming Terms 96
8.2.1 Character 96
8.2.2 Word 97
8.2.3 Block 97
8.2.4 Program 97
8.3 Programming Format 99
8.4 Preparatory Commands 101
8.5 Miscellaneous Functions 103
8.5.1 Machine Related Functions 104
8.5.2 Program Related Functions 104
8.6 Program and Sequence Number(O, N CODES) 106
8.6.1 Program Number (O) 106
8.6.2 Sequence Number (N) 106
8.7 Feed Rate (F CODE) and Spindle Speed (S CODE) 107
8.8 Automatic Tool Changing 107
8.9 Tool Length Offset and Cutter Radius Compensation (H, D CODES) 108
Exercises 109

Unit 9 Basic Programming 110
9.1 Introduction 110
9.2 Programming Hole Operation 110
9.3 Linear Interpolation 111
9.3.1 Linear Command 112
9.3.2 Programming Format 115
9.4 Circular Interpolation 115
Exercises 118

Unit 10 Program Flow 120
10.1 Introduction 120
10.2 Subroutine Logic 121
10.2.1 Subroutines are “Mini-Programs” 121
10.2.2 Standard and Parametric Subroutines 124
10.2.3 Commands for Calling a Subroutine and Returning to the Main Program 125
10.3 Looping Logic in Programs 125
10.3.1 General Characteristics 125
10.3.2 Commands for Loops 126
10.4 Nesting Logic 127
10.5 Logic Planning 128
Exercises 129

Unit 11 Tool Length Offsets and Zero Presets 131
11.1 Introduction 131
11.2 The Concept of Length Offset 131
11.3 Setting up Offsets 133
11.4 Zero Preset 134
Exercises 136

Unit 12 Tool Radius Compensation 137
12.1 Introduction 137
12.2 What is Tool Radius Compensation? 137
12.3 Reference Locations 138
12.4 Tool Location on Angular Toolpaths 141
12.5 Tool Location on Radial Toolpaths 144
12.6 Automatic Tool Radius Compensation 147
12.6.1 Adjusting the Diameter Offset 151
12.6.2 Lead In and Out with Tool Radius Compensation 152
12.6.3 Error Conditions and Limitations of Automatic Compensation 153
Exercise 155

Unit 13 CAD/CAM 156
13.1 Introduction 156
13.2 Computer-aided Anything (CAA) 157
13.3 What is CAD/CAM software? 157
13.4 Description of CAD/CAM Components and Functions 160
13.4.1 CAD Module 160
13.4.2 CAM Module 162
13.4.3 Geometry Vs. Toolpath 163
13.4.4 Tool and Material Libraries 166
13.4.5 Verification and Post-Processor 167
13.4.6 Portability 168
13.5 Software Issues and Trends 170
Exercises 172

Unit 14 Beyond CNC machining 174
14.1 Introduction 174
14.2 Computer Integrated Manufacturing 175
14.3 Operational Strategies within CIM 177
14.3.1 Group Technology 177
14.3.2 Just-In-Time 177
14.4 Flexible Manufacturing System 179
14.5 FMC Vs. FMS 181
Exercises 183

附录 VOCABULARY 184
参考文献 211

制造业是国民经济的支柱产业，自20世纪50年代初第一台数控机床出现以来，制造技术的发展出现了日新月异的局面。特别是近20年来，随着计算机技术、信息技术和微电子技术等高新技术的发展，制造业也发生了革命性的变化。数控技术在现代企业的大量应用，使制造技术正朝着数字化的方向迈进，出现了以信息驱动的现代制造技术，．其核心就是数控加工设备替代了传统的加工设备。与此同时，数控技术正在朝着高精度、高速度、高柔性、高可靠性以及复合化(工序复合化，功能复合化)的方向发展。这一领域的研究是在当前高新技术不断发展的背景下进行的，涉及到许多相关领域、交叉学科。在这种背景下，培养掌握数控技术的高级技术应用型人才成为各高职高专院校的迫切任务。 本书在编写上考虑了数控专业的特点，并注意使用者的英语水平。相对传统的英语教材而言，这本教材更像一本英文版的数控专业教材——系统、全面、图文并茂地阐述了与数控机床相关的各类信息。本书在编写过程中力求体现下面几个特色： 1．内容的先进性：介绍了数控领域的最新技术和知识。 2．图文并茂：对于有一定数控专业基础的读者而言，通过文中大量的图例便可以揣摩出各段文字的大意，即通过专业知识帮助和促进英语水平的提高。 3．课后练习的专业性：课后练习的内容着眼于巩固本单元所学的专业知识，形式多样。 本书可作为高职高专院校数控专业英语教材，也可作为工程技术人员自学参考用书。 本书由北方工业大学刘瑛、罗学科和北京轻工职业技术学院朱运利编写，北方工业大学机电中心的徐宏海主任等为该书的编写提出了宝贵意见，在此表示感谢。 由于时间紧迫，书中难免有错误和不足之处，请读者发Email到nengdouma@263．NET给予批评和指正。